-
1 сухая скважина
1) Engineering: barren well, empty hole, surface drywell (для хранения отработавшего ядерного топлива)2) Oil: dry hole (безводная или с перекрытым притоком воды), dry-hole, powder hole3) Geophysics: unsuccessful well5) Nuclear physics: surface dry well (для хранения отработавшего топлива)6) oil&gas: non-productive well, nonproductive well -
2 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
-
3 длительный допустимый ток
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
-
4 длительный допустимый ток
- courant permanent admissible, m
- courant admissible, m
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
-
5 судно
boat, ship, vessel, watercraft* * *су́дно с.
ship, vessel (в сочетаниях — равнозаменяемы)бункерова́ть су́дно — fuel a shipсу́дно вы́брошено на бе́рег — the ship is strandedвыве́шивать су́дно на ста́пель-бло́ках — fair a vessel plumb [set a vessel in an upright position] on the blocksвысаживать(ся) с су́дна — disembark [put ashore, land] from a vessel, leave a vesselгрузи́ть су́дно — load a vesselзакла́дывать (но́вое) су́дно — lay down a (new) vessel, lay the keel for a new vesselсу́дно име́ет оса́дку, напр. 15 фу́тов — a vessel draws, e. g., 15 feetсу́дно нахо́дится в до́ке — the ship is lying at a dockсу́дно (нахо́дится) на прико́ле — the ship is lying idle [is laid up]обшива́ть (деревя́нное) су́дно до́сками — plank a shipобшива́ть (деревя́нное) су́дно до́сками вгладь — carvel a ship, plank a ship with carvel workсу́дно остана́вливается — the ship brings herself to restсу́дно отвали́ло от прича́ла — the ship drew out from her berthсу́дно перела́мывается — the ship breaks her backподнима́ть (затону́вшее) су́дно — raise [salvage] a (sunken) vesselсу́дно по́лностью снаряжено́ и оснащено́ (для пла́вания) — the vessel [ship] is all found [is well found]придава́ть су́дну удобообтека́емую фо́рму — streamline the shipсу́дно принима́ет на борт мно́го воды́ — the vessel ships a good deal of waterпроводи́ть су́дно в у́зкостях, кана́лах — и т. п. con a vesselразбира́ть су́дно на лом — break up a shipразгружа́ть су́дно — discharge a vesselрасцве́чивать су́дно фла́гами — dress a shipсу́дно сади́тся на опо́ры до́ка — the dock takes the ship's weightсажа́ть су́дно на опо́ры до́ка — shore a vessel in a dockснять су́дно с ме́ли — heave off the shipспуска́ть су́дно на́ воду — launch a vessel, set a vessel afloatста́вить су́дно в док — dock a shipста́вить су́дно на прико́л — lay up a vesselста́вить су́дно на ро́вный киль — bring a ship on an even keelста́вить су́дно на я́корь — bring a ship to an anchorсу́дно тащи́тся на я́коре — the ship drags her anchorсу́дно те́рпит бе́дствие — the vessel is in distressсу́дно че́рпает во́ду — a vessel ships waterа́томное су́дно — nuclear-powered vesselбукси́рное су́дно — tug (boat), towboatвинтово́е су́дно — screw(-propelled) vesselводоналивно́е су́дно — water carrier, water (transport) vesselвозду́шное су́дно (официальный термин ИКАО для атмосферных летательных аппаратов напр. самолётов, вертолётов, жиров и т. п; не путать с дирижа́блем) — aircraft (not to be confused with airship)вспомога́тельное су́дно ( промыслового флота) — auxiliary shipгидрографи́ческое су́дно — surveying vesselгоспита́льное су́дно — hospital vesselгрузово́е су́дно — cargo vessel, freighterсу́дно для подво́дных иссле́дований — underseas exploration shipдноуглуби́тельное су́дно — dredging craftдобыва́ющее су́дно ( для водного промысла) — catching vesselзатону́вшее су́дно — sunk ship, the wreckзверобо́йное су́дно — sealerка́бельное су́дно — cable shipкабота́жное су́дно — coasting vesselкитобо́йное су́дно — whaler, whaling boatконте́йнерное су́дно — container shipкра́новое су́дно — crane shipледоко́льное су́дно — ice-breaker (ship)лесосплавно́е су́дно — timber-carrying vesselлоцме́йстерское су́дно — boyage vesselсу́дно на возду́шной поду́шке — hovercraft, hovershipнадво́дное су́дно — surface vesselналивно́е су́дно — tankerсу́дно на подво́дных кры́льях [СПК] — hydrofoil craftнау́чно-иссле́довательское су́дно — research shipнау́чно-промысло́вое су́дно — fishery research vesselнефтебурово́е су́дно — drilling vesselнефтеналивно́е су́дно — oil tanker, oil-carrying vesselобраба́тывающее су́дно ( промыслового флота) — factory shipокеанографи́ческое су́дно — oceanographic shipо́пытовое су́дно — experimental vesselпассажи́рское су́дно — passenger shipпатру́льное су́дно ( промыслового флота) — patrol vesselсу́дно пого́ды — weather shipподво́дное су́дно — submarine (vessel)пожа́рное су́дно — fire-boatприё́мно-тра́нспортное су́дно ( промыслового флота) — fish transport shipпрогу́лочное су́дно — pleasure boatпроме́рное су́дно — sounding vesselпромысло́вое су́дно — catching vesselпромысло́вое, обраба́тывающее су́дно — factory shipре́йсовое су́дно — linerрефрижера́торное су́дно — refrigerator shipрыболо́вное су́дно — fishing vesselрыбоохра́нное су́дно — fisheries patrol vesselсу́дно сбо́рной констру́кции — fabricated shipсу́дно секцио́нной постро́йки — fabricated shipспаса́тельное су́дно — rescue vesselспорти́вное су́дно — sports vesselсухогру́зное су́дно — dry-cargo shipторго́вое су́дно — merchant shipтра́нспортное су́дно — transport shipтре́йлерное су́дно — trailer ship -
6 песчаная дюна
песчаная дюна
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sand dune
An accumulation of loose sand heaped up by the wind, commonly found along low-lying seashores above high-tide level, more rarely on the border of large lakes or river valleys, as well as in various desert regions, where there is abundant dry surface sand during some part of the year. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > песчаная дюна
-
7 песчаная дюна
песчаная дюна
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sand dune
An accumulation of loose sand heaped up by the wind, commonly found along low-lying seashores above high-tide level, more rarely on the border of large lakes or river valleys, as well as in various desert regions, where there is abundant dry surface sand during some part of the year. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > песчаная дюна
-
8 песчаная дюна
песчаная дюна
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sand dune
An accumulation of loose sand heaped up by the wind, commonly found along low-lying seashores above high-tide level, more rarely on the border of large lakes or river valleys, as well as in various desert regions, where there is abundant dry surface sand during some part of the year. (Source: BJGEO)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > песчаная дюна
См. также в других словарях:
dry well — dry′ well n. civ a hole used to drain off surface water, allowing it to be absorbed underground • Etymology: 1760–70 … From formal English to slang
Dry well — For the nuclear containment structure, see Boiling water reactors. Old drywell. A dry well is an underground structure that disposes of unwanted water, most commonly stormwater runoff, by dissipating it into the ground, where it merges with the… … Wikipedia
Dry suit — A dry suit or drysuit provides thermal insulation or passive thermal protection to the wearer while immersed in water,[1][2][3][4] and is worn by divers, boaters, water sports enthusiasts, and others who work or play in or near cold water. A dry… … Wikipedia
Dry line — Idealized depiction of where a dryline is located around an extratropical cyclone A dry line (also called dew point line, or Marfa front)[1] separates moist air from the Gulf of Mexico (to the east) and dry desert air from the south western… … Wikipedia
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Dry-ice blasting — used to clean a rubber mold Dry ice blasting is a form of abrasive blasting, where dry ice, the solid form of carbon dioxide, is accelerated in a pressurized air stream and directed at a surface in order to clean it. The method is similar to… … Wikipedia
Dry ice blasting — is a process in which dry ice is accelerated in a pressurized air stream and directed at a surface in order to clean it. The method is similar to sand blasting, plastic bead blasting, or soda blasting but substitutes dry ice as the blasting… … Wikipedia
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Dry cleaning — (or dry cleaning) is any cleaning process for clothing and textiles using a chemical solvent other than water. The solvent used is typically tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene), abbreviated perc in the industry and dry cleaning fluid by the… … Wikipedia
Surface grinding — is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or non metallic substance from a workpiece, making a… … Wikipedia
Surface weather analysis — A surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area at a specified time based on information from ground based weather stations. [ Air Apparent: How Meteorologists Learned… … Wikipedia
